Author: VialVibes research documentation team
Reviewer: — (slot reserved)
Last reviewed: 2026-07-28
- Aliquot
- A portion of a solution or material separated into a smaller container for storage or use, often to limit freeze–thaw cycles or cross-contamination of a stock.
- CAS (CAS Registry Number)
- A unique numerical identifier assigned by Chemical Abstracts Service to a chemical substance. Useful for literature and procurement cross-reference; lot identity still depends on the material and its documentation.
- CoA (Certificate of Analysis)
- A report of analytical results for a defined lot of material. See How to Read a CoA.
- GHRH
- Growth hormone–releasing hormone. A peptide hormone pathway studied in endocrine and GH-axis research models. Catalog materials that reference GHRH analogs are research materials only.
- GHS-R (GHSR)
- Growth hormone secretagogue receptor (ghrelin receptor). A receptor studied in GH-axis and secretagogue pathway literature.
- GIP
- Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (also called gastric inhibitory polypeptide in older literature). An incretin pathway frequently discussed in metabolic research models.
- GLP-1
- Glucagon-like peptide-1. An incretin pathway receptor system widely studied in metabolic signaling research. Literature discussion of GLP-1 pathways does not convert research materials into approved medicines.
- HPLC
- High-performance liquid chromatography. A separation technique often used to generate purity profiles for peptides. See HPLC and MS.
- In vitro
- Experiments performed outside a living organism, such as in cell culture, isolated tissue preparations, or cell-free systems.
- Lot (batch)
- A discrete production or packaging unit of material identified by a lot number for traceability and documentation matching.
- Lyophilized
- Freeze-dried. Peptides are often supplied as lyophilized powders or cakes that are reconstituted with a suitable laboratory diluent before use in assays.
- Mass spectrometry (MS)
- An analytical technique that measures mass-to-charge ratios of ions; commonly used to support molecular mass / identity interpretation for peptides.
- Molecular weight (MW)
- The mass of one molecule of a substance, often expressed in g/mol (daltons for macromolecules). Reference MW values may differ from salt forms; confirm on lot documentation when needed.
- Preclinical
- Research conducted before clinical evaluation in humans, including laboratory and model-system studies. TPL catalog materials remain RUO regardless of literature stage.
- Purity (HPLC)
- Often reported as the main peak’s share of total integrated chromatographic peak area under defined HPLC conditions. Method-dependent. See Purity Claims.
- Reconstitution
- Dissolving lyophilized material in a laboratory diluent to prepare a solution for experimental use. See Reconstitution Best Practices.
- Related substances
- Chromatographic or analytical species other than the main component that may represent process-related impurities, degradation products, or closely related peptides under the method used.
- RUO (Research Use Only)
- Designation that materials are for laboratory research, not clinical diagnosis or human/veterinary administration. See RUO Explainer and the legal RUO policy.
- Sequence
- The ordered amino-acid composition of a peptide (sometimes including modifications or non-natural residues). Catalog sequence notes are research identifiers; lot CoA remains the analytical reference when available.
- Solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS)
- A common manufacturing approach in which amino acids are assembled stepwise on a solid support, followed by cleavage and purification steps that vary by process.
- TFA (trifluoroacetic acid) salt / residual acid
- Peptides purified with TFA-containing methods may be present as TFA salts or contain residual TFA unless converted. Counter-ion form can affect mass balance and some assay systems.
- UV detection
- Ultraviolet absorbance detection commonly paired with HPLC for peptides that absorb at selected wavelengths; detector response contributes to how peak areas are measured.
Related resources
Scientific reference only — Research Use Only. Definitions are educational and neutral. VialVibes (operated by APEX Research, LLC) materials are for laboratory research only.
RUO policy.